【英文】Django项目中连接MongoDB

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Preface

Notes on connecting MongoDB in Django projects

Download Dependencies

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pip3 install pymongo

Modify Global Configuration

  • Add MongoClient configuration after the DATABASES configuration in the global configuration
<project_name>/<project_name>/settings.py
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from pymongo import MongoClient

MONGOCLIENT = MongoClient(
    host='127.0.0.1',
    port='27017'
)

MongoDB Client

Encapsulate MongoDB Client

  • Create the mongo_models.py configuration file in the root directory of the sub-application

<dbname>: Specify the name of the connected database
<collection_name>: Specify the name of the collection to operate on

<project_name>/<app_name>/mongo_models.py
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from django.conf import settings

connect = settings.MONGOCLIENT['<dbname>']
class User(object):
    db = connect['<collection_name>']
    
    @classmethod
    def insert(cls, **params):
        return cls.db.insert(params)
    
    @classmethod
    def get(cls, **params):
        return cls.db.find_one(params)
    
    @classmethod
    def gets(cls, **params):
        return cls.db.find(params)
    
    @classmethod
    def update(cls, _id, **params):
        return cls.db.update({'_id', _id}, {'$set': params})

Using MongoDB Client

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from app.mongo_models import User

users = User.gets()

MongoDB Table Association

Download Dependencies

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pip3 install mongoengine

Create a Database Mapping

  • Create the mongo_engine.py configuration file in the root directory of the sub-application

<dbname>: Specify the name of the connected database

Attributes:

required: Whether it is empty or not
max_length: String length

<project_name>/<app_name>/mongo_engine.py
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from mongoengine import connect, Document, StringField, IntField

connect('<dbname>', host='127.0.0.1', port='27017')
class User(Document):
    id = IntField(required=False)
    name = StringField(max_length=5)

Multiple Table Association

One-to-One

<project_name>/<app_name>/mongo_engine.py
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from mongoengine import connect, Document, StringField, IntField, ReferenceField

connect('<dbname>', host='127.0.0.1', port='27017')
class User(Document):
    id = IntField(required=False)
    name = StringField(max_length=5)

# One-to-One association
class OneToOne(Document):
    id = IntField(required=False)
    user = ReferenceField(User)

CRUD Operations

Import Modules

  • If you need to use classes from mongo_engine.py in views.py, you need to import the modules first
<project_name>/<app_name>/views.py
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from .mongo_engine import User

Add Data

Method 1: Use the built-in methods directly

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User.objects.create(field_name=field_value)

Method 2: Use the save() method

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user = User(field_name=field_value)
user.save()

Completion

References

Bilibili-Turing Academy Tutorial