前言
Dart通过Dio发送HTTP请求
下载依赖
Dart
Flutter
引入包
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| import 'package:dio/dio.dart';
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创建对象
发送简单的请求
发送GET请求
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| void method() async {
Response response = await dio.get("http://127.0.0.1:8080/");
}
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请求行携带Param参数
直接拼接字符串
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| void method() async {
Response response = await dio.get("http://127.0.0.1:8080/?key1=value&key2=value");
}
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通过对象携带参数
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| void method() async {
Response response = await dio.get("http://127.0.0.1:8080/", queryParameters: {
"key1": "value",
"key2": "value",
});
}
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发送POST请求
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| void method() async {
Response response = await dio.post("http://127.0.0.1:8080/");
}
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请求体携带Data参数
JSON格式字符串
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| void method() async {
Response response = await dio.post("http://127.0.0.1:8080/", data: {
"key1": "value",
"key2": "value",
});
}
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| void method() async {
Response response = await dio.post("http://127.0.0.1:8080/", data: FormData.fromMap({
"key1": "value",
"key2": "value",
}));
}
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发送复杂的请求
baseUrl：配置URL的主机地址部分，之后再通过dio对象发送请求时可以省略域名，直接访问资源路径
headers：定义请求头参数
validateStatus：定义哪些状态码被视为正常地请求，没有被视为正常的请求会抛异常，并且不会自动解析请求体的内容
method：请求方法
path：请求路径，如果指定了baseUrl，不需要再次指定域名部分
responseType：响应类型
json：缺省值
plain：纯文本
stream：二进制流，用来处理文件
queryParameters：请求行中的参数
data：请求体中的参数
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| final dio = Dio(BaseOptions(
baseUrl: "http://127.0.0.1:8080",
headers: {
'Content-Type': 'application/json; charset=UTF-8',
},
validateStatus: (int? status) {
return true;
},
method: "POST",
path: "/",
responseType: "json",
queryParameters: {},
data: {},
));
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处理响应
得到响应状态码
得到响应体
转换为Map类型
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| Map<String, dynamic> map = response.data;
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转换为实体类型
结构体的属性为基本数据类型
响应数据案例
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| {
username: "",
password: ""
}
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定义实体类型
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| class User {
late String? username;
late String? password;
User({
this.username,
this.password,
});
factory User.fromJson(Map<String, dynamic> json) {
return User(
username: json["username"],
password: json["password"],
);
}
}
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Map转换为实体类型
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| User user = User.fromJson(response.data);
String username = user.username;
String password = user.password;
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结构体的属性为其他实体类
响应数据案例
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| {
userObject: {
username: "",
password: ""
}
}
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定义实体类型
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| class UserObject {
late String? username;
late String? password;
UserObject({
this.username,
this.password,
});
factory UserObject.fromJson(Map<String, dynamic> json) {
return UserObject(
username: json["username"],
password: json["password"],
);
}
}
class User {
late UserObject? userObject;
User({
this.userObject,
});
factory User.fromJson(Map<String, dynamic> json) {
return User(
username: UserObject.fromJson(json["userObject"]),
);
}
}
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Map转换为实体类型
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| User user = User.fromJson(response.data);
String username = user.userObject.username;
String password = user.userObject.password;
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结构体的属性为List集合
响应数据案例
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| {
userList: [
{
username: "",
password: ""
},
{
username: "",
password: ""
}
]
}
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定义实体类型
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| class UserObject {
late String? username;
late String? password;
UserObject({
this.username,
this.password,
});
factory UserObject.fromJson(Map<String, dynamic> json) {
return UserObject(
username: json["username"],
password: json["password"],
);
}
}
class User {
late List<UserObject> userList;
User({
this.userList,
});
factory User.fromJson(Map<String, dynamic> json) {
List<dynamic> userList = json["userList"] as List;
List<UserObject> userObjectList = [];
for (var user in userList) {
userObjectList.add(UserObject.fromJson(user));
}
return User(
userList: userObjectList,
);
}
}
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Map转换为实体类型
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| User user = User.fromJson(response.data);
String username1 = user.userList[0].username;
String password1 = user.userList[0].password;
String username2 = user.userList[1].username;
String password2 = user.userList[1].password;
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完成
参考文献
Dio官方文档
Github——wendux
博客园——SevenNight
稀土掘金——Jam_Chan